1- Using mineral powder paints

Mineral dyes, as their name implies, exist in nature in the form of stones. And are extracted. These dyes are obtained by grinding minerals containing metal oxides such as iron oxide, chromium, etc. These colors often include ocher (red), blue, green, yellow, brown and black.

1 – 1 – Mixing colored powder with concrete

In this method, between 2 to 8% of the weight of colored powder cement is added to the concrete before use and it is thoroughly mixed in a mixer. Due to the gray color of Portland cement, if you want to use light colors such as yellow. To achieve the desired color, you need to add a higher percentage of color powder cement. (Approximately 8% by weight of cement) But for dark colors such as black and white with a lower percentage you will reach the desired color (2 to 3% by weight of cement).

Another parameter that affects the amount of paint used. In other words, the particle size is a network of colored powder. The higher the mesh, the lower the consumption. Of course, it should be noted that the price of paint will also be higher. These colors are often marketed with 400 to 450 meshes.

1 – 2 – Spraying colored powder on the concrete surface before setting and hardening the concrete

In this method, due to the reduction of paint powder consumption and cost and some other issues, the paint powder is not mixed with concrete. And just before the concrete is completely hardened, it is sprayed on the concrete surface.

Both methods have the following disadvantages:

1- Paint powder can be added to the concrete mix or its surface only before starting. Therefore, none of these methods can be done for old concrete or cement surfaces.
2- The colors obtained from these methods are relatively dead colors.
3- In these methods, it is not possible to create various color designs and patterns on the surface.

2- Using penetrating concrete acid stain

concrete acid stain is an example of a penetrating dye. acid stain penetrates the concrete texture and reacts with its surface calcium, causing the concrete surface to stain. Therefore, the color of these materials is caused by the reaction of concrete acid stain with the concrete surface. For this reason, the use of the word color for acetic acid is scientifically incorrect. This material is mostly used to create decorative floors because it makes it possible to create different designs on concrete easily by using slopes.

This method does not have the disadvantages of previous methods. And this is the only way to paint concrete surfaces whose setting steps have been completed. In this method, after the final hardening of concrete, acetic acid is applied on the concrete surface.

The amount of paint and the range of paint created depends on the type and quality of the concrete surface and the degree of concrete. The higher the concrete grade. In other words, there is more cement on the concrete surface. The amount of color will be more. For this reason, the final color of acetic acid is determined after its reaction with the concrete surface.